Thermal insulation layer could be mounted also on outer walls of an apartment. Insulation will effectively reduce the warmth losses through winter and will delay the unpleasant warming through summer. Cost depends on the type of the insulation material and its thickness. Prices starts from 10 euro/sq.m.
Foundation walls enclosing basements and heated crawl spaces are typically poorly insulated and in the average building, are the largest contributor to heat loss. Foundation walls can be insulated either on the exterior or on the interior.
Specific requirements are provided in the provincial building codes but for energy efficiency, the insulating value of a foundation wall should be at least equivalent to the other walls in the building envelope.
Foundation walls around unheated crawl spaces do not require insulation, but the floor framing between the heated and unheated space must be insulated.
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Exterior Insulation
Foundation walls enclosing heated spaces can be insulated with rigid insulation boards made from polystyrene or glass fibre installed vertically on the exterior of the wall.
The above grade portion of the rigid insulation should be fastened to the sill plate or to the foundation wall with an adhesive. If the above grade portion is not covered by the exterior cladding, the exposed insulation should be protected from mechanical damage with flashing and cement parging on wire lath.
Uncured concrete foundation dampproofing compounds can react with some foam insulations; therefore, dampproofing should be allowed to cure completely before applying insulation.
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Interior Insulation
Concrete and masonry foundation walls can be insulated on the interior with rigid polystyrene insulation placed between strapping, or 38 x 64 or 89mm (2" x 2-1/2" or 4") frame walls can be installed and insulated with batt insulation.
The stud walls can also be built away from the concrete to provide a cavity for additional insulation. To reduce air flow behind the wall, it is advisable to install the batt insulation horizontally within the cavity and vertically between the stud spaces.
A moisture barrier of 0.05mm (2 mil) polyethylene, building paper or asphalt emulsions is required on the inside of the foundation wall below grade level to prevent moisture from migrating throughthe foundation and into the insulation and wood framing members. Since the foundation is usually colder than the ambient building air temperature, a polyethylene vapour barrier must be installed on the warm side of the insulation to prevent condensation within the assembly.
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